Changes in Art and Architecture

A. Choose the correct answer and fill in the blanks.

1. b; 2. a; 3. c; 4. d; 5. d 

B. Match the columns.

1. c; 2. a; 3. d; 4. e; 5. b

C. Fill in the blanks.

1 Rabindranritya; 2. Victoria Terminus; 3. Bengal Gazetter by James Augustus Hickey; 

4. Jamini Roy; 5. Ballet

D. State whether true or false. If false, correct the statement.

1. F(correct: They depicted scenes from Puranas.)

 2. T

3. F(correct: Modern Indian 

literature was not based on mythology rather it was humanistic and concerned with the 

lives of the people.)

4. T

 5. F(correct: The British constructed magnanimous buildings 

to show their grandeur and might of the British Empire.) 

E. Answer the following questions in 10-20 words.

1. The Bengal Gazette, The Calcutta Gazette, The Bengal Journal, The Oriental Magazine of

Calcutta, The Calcutta Chronicle in 1786, The Madras Courier in 1788, and The Bombay

Herald.

2. Raja Rammohan Roy protested against a resolution restricting the freedom of the 

press.

3. Uday Shankar introduced a dance form in India along the lines of a European 

dance.

4. Bankim Chandra Chatterjee’s novel Ananda Math became a source of inspiration for 

writers all over India.

5. Gateway of India and the Chhatrapati Shivaji terminus.

F. Answer the following questions in 50-70 words.

1. The nineteenth century saw the emergence of Madras as the capital of Carnatic 

music in the south. Hindustani music was revived by famous musicians. 

Rabindranath Tagore evolved Rabindra Sangeet. With the establishment of British 

rule came western music and instruments. Indians adopted some instruments like 

the violin and clarinet. The harmonium which is based on the principle of the piano 

is also an Indian adaptation.

2. Following the collapse of the Mughals, the painters of the period sought the 

protection and patronage of the secluded Himalayan hill states. This eventually 

led to the establishment of local and regional schools of painting. However, inDelhi and Lucknow a number of painters continued to practice their art, but their

productions were mostly based on the degenerate old form. Different schools of

Indian art emerged during this time.

3. After 1858, the British exhibited a growing interest in the construction of

monuments and buildings to glorify the British Empire. It is best manifested in the

Victoria Memorial that was built to commemorate the peak of the British Empire

in India. After that, one of the leading and most glamorous constructions of the

British Empire was done by Lutyens in the Raisina hills in Delhi.

4. Rabindranath Tagore played a major role in reviving Indian classical dance by

inviting exponents of different classical dance forms to the Visvabharati University

at Shantiniketan. By merging various forms, Tagore developed a new dance form

which came to be known as Rabindranritya.

G. Answer the following questions in 80-100 words.

1. The printing press was introduced in the country by the Portuguese. In 1557, the

first book was published by the Jesuits of Goa. The English East India Company

established a printing press only in 1684. Some East India Company officials were

the first to attempt publication of newspapers in the country. However, most of

these intended to entertain the European community in India and rarely focused

on informing public opinion about the misconduct of colonial rule. With the early

phase of nationalist movement focussing more on political propaganda, education,

formation of nationalist ideology and mobilisation of public opinion, there was

an immense increase in the number of nationalist newspapers like The Hindu, The

Indian Mirror, The Tribune, Amrita Bazar Patrika, Kesari, Mahratta, Swadeshmitran,

Prabhakar and Indu-Prakash.

2. Bombay was given to King Charles II of England as dowry during his marriage to

the Portuguese princess, Catherine of Braganza in 1662. In 1687, the English East

India Company shifted its western headquarters from Surat to Bombay. Thereafter,

many new buildings began to be constructed in the British style. Colonel Thomas

Cowper designed the town hall. The building is about 60 metres long and 30

metres wide. The building was completed in 1833. One of the most fascinating

buildings of the British is the Gateway of India. It was built to commemorate the

visit of King George V in 1911. It was designed by George Wittet to symbolise the

magnificence of British rule. The Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus is part of the legacy

of Lord Curzon, the first twentieth century viceroy of India, who had a passionate

love for antiquity and monumental architecture. The Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus,

formerly known as the Victoria Terminus is an extremely fine example of Victorian

Gothic Revival. It is essentially European Gothic in style with highly pointed

arches. The exquisite statue of a lady, over 15 metres high, with a flaming torch in

one hand and a wheel in the other is located here.